[Interoceptive and exteroceptive cues in the tolerance of the ethanol ataxic effect in rats]. / Claves interoceptivas y exteroceptivas en la tolerancia al efecto atáxico del etanol en ratas.

In the current analysis of classic conditioning with regard to the phenomenon of drug tolerance, there is empirical evidence of interoceptive pharmacologic cues and of exteroceptive cues, which are associated with the effect of the drug. The former could overshadow the latter. The aim of the present investigation was to contribute experimental data about the interaction that occurs between these two kinds of cues. For this purpose, a set of interoceptive and exteroceptive cues was presented as conditioned stimulus, together with an unconditioned stimulus that corresponded to the ataxic effects of ethanol. The results showed that the interoceptive cues were associated with the ataxic effect of ethanol, and they produced a tolerance response of the same intensity as the exteroceptive cues.

Claves interoceptivas y exteroceptivas en la tolerancia al efecto atáxico del etanol en ratas / Interoceptive and exteroceptive cues in the tolerance of the ethanol ataxic effect in rats

En el análisis actual del condicionamiento clásico frente al fenómeno de la tolerancia a las drogas existe evidencia empírica de que las claves farmacológicas interoceptivas, al igual que las claves exteroceptivas, se asocian con los efectos de la droga y que las primeras pueden llegar a ensombrecer a las segundas. El propósito de esta investigación es aportar datos experimentales sobre la interacción que se da entre ambos tipos de claves, para ello se presentó como estímulo condicionado un compuesto de claves interoceptivas y exteroceptivas junto al estímulo incondicionado correspondiente a los efectos atáxicos del etanol. Los resultados demostraron que las claves interoceptivas se asociaron con el efecto atáxico del etanol, y éstas presentaron una respuesta de tolerancia de la misma intensidad que la de las claves exteroceptivas

In the current analysis of classic conditioning with regard to the phenomenon of drug tolerance, there is empirical evidence of interoceptive pharmacologic cues and of exteroceptive cues, which are associated with the effect of the drug. The former could overshadow the latter. The aim of the present investigation was to contribute experimental data about the interaction that occurs between these two kinds of cues. For this purpose, a set of interoceptive and exteroceptive cues was presented as conditioned stimulus, together with an unconditioned stimulus that corresponded to the ataxic effects of ethanol. The results showed that the interoceptive cues were associated with the ataxic effect of ethanol, and they produced a tolerance response of the same intensity as the exteroceptive cues

Modulación contextual de la tolerancia asociativa al etanol / Ocassion setting of associative tolerance to ethanol

Existe evidencia que señala que las claves pareadas con drogas no sólo son asociadas con los efectos de éstas, sino que también adquieren propiedades modulatorias de la asociación entre otras claves y los efectos de la droga, contribuyendo así al desarrollo de la tolerancia asociativa (Ramos, Siegel & Bueno, 2002). Utilizando un procedimiento de discriminación derasgo positivo, en la presente investigación evaluamos la contribución de los contextos como moduladores del efecto atáxico del etanol en ratas. Los resultados sugieren que el contexto adquiere propiedades modulatorias de la tolerancia a las drogas y que estas propiedades puedenser extinguidas.

There is evidence that drug-paired cues not only become associated with the drug effects but also become occasion setters that modulate the association of other cues with the drug effects,contributing to the development of associative tolerance (Ramos, Siegel, & Bueno, 2002). Using a feature-positive discrimination training, we evaluated the contribution of contexts asoccasion setters of the ataxic effect of ethanol in rats. The results suggest that the context acquire occasion setter properties of the drug tolerance, and that these properties can be extinguished.

Efecto de la extinción en múltiples contextos sobre la renovación de la tolerancia asociativa al etanol / Effects of extinction in multiple contexts on the renewal of associative tolerance to ethanol

El análisis pavloviano de tolerancia a las drogas describe cómo los contextos de administración de la droga participan en la elicitación de respuestas condicionadas compensatorias que causan, en parte, tolerancia. Hallazgos indican que si una asociación es adquirida en un contexto y extinguida en otro, al exponer a los sujetos al contexto de adquisición se producirá renovación de la respuesta condicionada. Existe evidencia ambigua acerca de si este efecto disminuye o no al extinguir la asociación en múltiples contextos. Esta investigación evalúa la existencia del fenómeno de Renovación en la tolerancia al etanol, y si éste disminuye por la extinción en múltiples contextos. Se aporta evidencia de Renovación en la tolerancia al etanol en ratas, sin embargo, no se observó disminución de ésta al extinguir en múltiples contextos (AU)

The Pavlovian analysis of drug tolerance describes how the contexts of drug administration participate in the elicitation of compensatory conditioned responses that are, at least partly, responsible for tolerance. Findings indicate that if an association is acquired in one context and extinguished in another one, when exposing the subjects to the acquisition context, renewal of the conditioned response will take place. Ambiguous evidence exists about whether or not this effect diminishes when extinguishing the association in multiple contexts. This investigation evaluates the existence of the phenomenon of renewal of tolerance to ethanol, and whether it diminishes by the extinction in multiple contexts. Evidence of renewal of tolerance to ethanol in rats was found, but no diminution was observed when extinguishing in multiple contexts (AU)

[Effects of extinction in multiple contexts on the renewal of associative tolerance to ethanol]. / Efecto de la extinción en múltiples contextos sobre la renovación de la tolerancia asociativa al etanol.

The Pavlovian analysis of drug tolerance describes how the contexts of drug administration participate in the elicitation of compensatory conditioned responses that are, at least partly, responsible for tolerance. Findings indicate that if an association is acquired in one context and extinguished in another one, when exposing the subjects to the acquisition context, renewal of the conditioned response will take place. Ambiguous evidence exists about whether or not this effect diminishes when extinguishing the association in multiple contexts. This investigation evaluates the existence of the phenomenon of renewal of tolerance to ethanol, and whether it diminishes by the extinction in multiple contexts. Evidence of renewal of tolerance to ethanol in rats was found, but no diminution was observed when extinguishing in multiple contexts.